How these guides work
Official sources only. Time limits, country lists and fees come from the law and from licensing authorities. Each line links the page we took it from.
States and provinces apart. Where a state or province makes the rules, we show its rule and link its authority instead of generalising.
Country lists copied, not guessed. Exchange lists change. We copy them from the official list with the date we checked, and tell you to look up your own country.
Ireland, New Zealand and the Gulf states are planned next. Rules change – always confirm on the official page. General information, not legal advice.
Also in Settling in: Housing · Everyday life